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Table 2 Changes in percentage of MVC of lower limb muscles according to increasing treadmill inclination

From: Correlation between cardiopulmonary metabolic energy cost and lower-limb muscle activity during inclined treadmill gait in older adults

Muscle Stance phase Swing phase
ß Std. Error t p R2 ß Std. Error t p R2
RA 0.370 0.788 3.306 0.002** 0.137 0.371 0.803 3.317 0.001** 0.138
ES 0.475 1.132 4.445 0.000*** 0.234 0.474 1.453 4.434 0.000*** 0.234
RF 0.311 1.445 2.718 0.008** 0.097 0.324 1.313 2.843 0.006** 0.106
VM 0.297 1.281 2.593 0.012* 0.096 0.252 1.085 2.182 0.033* 0.082
BF 0.446 1.272 4.161 0.000*** 0.220 0.244 1.295 2.200 0.031* 0.148
TA 0.189 0.697 1.700 0.094 0.163 0.257 1.276 2.193 0.032* 0.066
GCM 0.326 1.318 2.849 0.006** 0.147 0.161 1.244 1.364 0.177 0.035
SOL 0.427 1.137 4.033 0.000*** 0.227 0.231 1.245 1.971 0.053 0.054
  1. RA rectus abdominis, ES erector spinae, RF rectus femoris, BF biceps femoris, VM vastus medialis, TA tibialis anterior, GCM medial head of the gastrocnemius, SOL soleus
  2. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001